Lub transformer yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo li qub uas siv los hloov pauv tam sim no (AC) voltage thiab tam sim no xa AC hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Nws ua tiav qhov kev sib kis no raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm electromagnetic induction. Transformers tuaj yeem categorized los ntawm lawv daim ntawv thov mus rau hauv lub hwj chim transformers, sim transformers, ntsuas transformers, thiab tshwj xeeb - lub hom phiaj transformers: Fais fab transformers yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau kev xa hluav taws xob thiab kev faib khoom; kuaj transformers yog siv los tiv thaiv hluav taws xob (theem- nce) cov khoom siv hluav taws xob; cov cuab yeej hloov pauv yog siv rau kev ntsuas hluav taws xob thiab kev tiv thaiv relay (PT, CT) hauv cov hluav taws xob faib hluav taws xob; tshwj xeeb- lub hom phiaj transformers muaj xws li hluav taws xob rauv transformers rau metallurgy, vuam transformers, rectifier transformers rau electrolysis, thiab me me voltage regulating transformers.
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo li qub siv los hloov AC voltage (tam sim no) ntawm ib qho nqi rau hauv ib lossis ntau dua voltages (tam sim no) ntawm cov nqi sib txawv tab sis nrog tib zaus. Thaum AC tam sim no ntws los ntawm cov thawj winding, ib qho kev sib nqus sib nqus flux yog generated. Qhov kev sib nqus sib nqus sib nqus, los ntawm kev sib nqus ntawm cov tub ntxhais hlau, induces ib qho kev hloov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob (EMF) hauv qhov thib ob winding. Qhov loj ntawm qhov induced EMF nyob rau hauv lub thib ob winding muaj feem xyuam rau tus naj npawb ntawm lem nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si thawj thiab theem nrab windings; uas yog, qhov voltage yog ncaj qha proportional rau tus naj npawb ntawm lem. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog xa hluav taws xob hluav taws xob; Yog li ntawd, rated peev yog nws lub ntsiab parameter. Rated muaj peev xwm yog ib tug pa tus nqi sawv cev rau lub hwj chim, characterizing tus nqi ntawm hluav taws xob lub zog kis tau tus mob, qhia nyob rau hauv kVA los yog MVA. Thaum qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob raug siv rau lub tshuab hloov pauv, nws yog siv los txiav txim siab qhov ntsuas tam sim no uas tsis pub tshaj qhov ntsuas kub nce siab raws li cov xwm txheej teev tseg. Lub zog ntau dua -paj fais fab transformer yog amorphous alloy core tis transformer, uas nws qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog nws qhov tsis tshua muaj siab tsis muaj-load poob. Ua kom ntseeg tau qhov zoo tshaj plaws tsis muaj-load poob yog qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb los txiav txim siab thoob plaws hauv tus txheej txheem tsim. Thaum npaj cov khoom tsim, ntxiv rau kev txiav txim siab tias amorphous alloy core nws tus kheej tsis raug rau sab nraud quab yuam, cov yam ntxwv tsis zoo ntawm amorphous alloy yuav tsum raug xaiv kom raug thiab tsim nyog thaum xam.