Transformer yog ib qho khoom siv hloov pauv tam sim no (AC) voltage, tam sim no, thiab impedance. Thaum AC tam sim no ntws los ntawm thawj kauj, AC magnetic flux yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hlau (los yog hlau nplaum), inducing ib voltage (los yog tam sim no) nyob rau hauv lub thib ob kauj. Lub transformer muaj ib tug hlau core (los yog magnetic core) thiab coils. Cov coils muaj ob los yog ntau dua windings; lub winding txuas nrog lub zog hluav taws xob yog hu ua thawj kauj, thiab qhov seem windings yog hu ua cov coils thib ob.
Lub transformer yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab khoom siv hluav taws xob. Nws tuaj yeem siv los hloov qhov hloov hluav taws xob ntawm qee tus nqi rau hauv qhov hloov pauv ntawm lwm tus nqi nrog tib zaus. Nws tuaj yeem hloov pauv tus nqi ntawm AC tam sim no, hloov impedance, hloov theem, lossis hloov zaus.
Vim li cas thiaj xav tau lub hwj chim transformers?
Lub tshuab fais fab xav xa hluav taws xob hluav taws xob P=sqrt(3)*UIcosφ mus rau thaj chaw uas siv hluav taws xob. Thaum P thiab cosφ tsis tu ncua, qhov siab dua qhov siv hluav taws xob, qhov me me tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov kab sib txuas, yog li txo qis hauv cov kab sib txuas thiab txuag cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Yog li ntawd, kev siv hluav taws xob siab ntev - kis tau tus mob yog qhov kev lag luam tshaj plaws. Qhov hluav taws xob siab tshaj plaws rau AC fais fab kis hauv kuv lub teb chaws tau mus txog 500kV. Xws li high voltages yog tsis tsim nyog rau generators los tsim ncaj qha, ob qho tib si rau kev nyab xeeb kev khiav hauj lwm thiab nqi yog vim li cas. Generators feem ntau tso zis voltages ntawm 3.15kV, 6.3kV, 10.5kV, thiab 15.75kV, yuav tsum tau kauj ruam- nce transformers kom qhov voltage kom ntev - kis tau tus mob.
Vim li cas thiaj xav tau transformers? Tom qab hluav taws xob xa mus rau qhov chaw noj, nws yuav tsum tau txo mus rau qhov yuav tsum tau voltage theem los ntawm transformers ntawm ntau yam substations kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau voltage ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.