Muaj peb hom steelmaking furnaces: qhib-heart furnaces, converters, thiab hluav taws xob rauv. Lub puab txheej ntawm cov cub tawg no yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv refractory, feem ntau yog acidic refractory silica (resistant rau 1700 degree) thiab yooj yim refractory magnesia- carbon bricks (tiv taus rau 2000℃). Lub steelmaking kub nyob rau hauv lub cub tawg yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 1600 degree. Txawm hais tias lub refractory txheej ntawm lub cub tawg yog tuab, ntev - lub sij hawm corrosion los ntawm molten steel yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb machinery los tshuaj tsuag - pleev xim rau tej qhov chaw puas nrog refractory khoom rau kho.
Steelmaking koom nrog melting npua hlau nyob rau hauv lub steelmaking rauv raws li ib tug tshwj xeeb txheej txheem kom tau hlau. Feem ntau, lo lus "steel" yog hais txog steel dov rau hauv ntau yam khoom tiav.
Steelmaking tseem suav nrog kev tswj cov ntsiab lus carbon (feem ntau tsawg dua 2%) hauv kev smelting ntawm seem hlau, tshem tawm cov teeb meem xws li P, S, O, thiab N, thaum khaws lossis nce cov txiaj ntsig zoo xws li Si, Mn, Ni, thiab Cr, thiab kho qhov feem ntawm cov ntsiab lus no kom ua tiav qhov kev ua tau zoo. Tam sim no, qhib-hearth steelmaking tau ntau theem tawm hauv kuv lub tebchaws, thaum hloov pauv steelmaking nyiaj rau 85% ntawm cov hlau tsim, thiab hluav taws xob arc rauv steelmaking nyiaj rau 15%. Nrog rau kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis thiab kev tswj hwm ib puag ncig, kev faib ua feem ntawm hluav taws xob arc rauv steelmaking yuav nce ntxiv.